An Instance-Based Structured Object Oriented Method for Co-Analysis/Co-Design of Concurrent Embedded Systems

The current object-oriented class-based approaches to hardware/software co-analysis/co-design of embedded systems are limited in their abilities to properly capture the structure of individual instances of hardware and software components and their interactions. This paper discusses a methodology to extend a structured objectoriented hardware/software co-design methodology based on the High Order Object-oriented Modeling Technique (HOOMT) to incorporate instance-based object and behavioral models. The instance-based structured object-oriented methodology will enable description of a system\u27s structure based on individual instances of hardware and software components and specification of the interactions among them. In addition, lattices are introduced to specify the concurrent behavior of hardware/software components in a concurrent embedded system. These additions further enhance the method\u27s capability of providing a precise set of specifications that can be understood easily by both hardware and software designers in co-analysis/codesign. The methodology has been applied to the specification of hardware and software of a simulated advanced power grid control system

Lattice matching for detecting distributed intrusions

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are crucial components of the security mechanisms of today\u27s computer systems. Intrusion detection has been an active field of research for about three decades. Existing research on intrusion detection has focused on sequential intrusions. However, intrusions can also be formed by concurrent interactions of multiple processes. Some of the intrusions caused by these events cannot be detected using sequential intrusion detection methods. Therefore, there is a need for a mechanism that views the concurrent system as a whole. L-BID (Lattice-based intrusion detection) is proposed to address this problem. In the L-BID framework, a library of intrusions and collected distributed system traces are represented as lattices. Then these lattices are compared in order to infer to the existence of intrusion in the collected distributed system traces. The similarity between these lattices is used as a quantitative metric for L-BID. The applicability of lattice matching method to the concurrent intrusion detection problem is investigated and the challenging aspects of this work are outlined --Abstract, page iii

Evaluation of Clinical Contributions Provided by Addition of the Brain, Calvarium, and Scalp to the Limited Whole Body Imaging Area in FDG-PET/CT Tumor Imaging

Purpose. The aim of this study was to detect additional findings in whole body FDG-PET/CT scan including the brain, calvarium, and scalp (compared to starting from the base of the skull) in cancer patients and to determine contributions of these results to tumor staging and treatment protocols. Materials and Methods. We noted whether the findings related to the brain, calvarium, and scalp in 1359 patients had a potential to modify staging of the disease, chemotherapy protocol, radiotherapy protocol, and surgical management. We identified rates of metastatic findings on the brain, calvarium, and scalp according to the tumor types on FDG-PET/CT scanning. Results. We found FDG-PET/CT findings for malignancy above the base of the skull in 42 patients (3.1%), one of whom was a patient with an unknown primary tumor. Twenty-two of the metastatic findings were in the brain, 16 were in the calvarium, and two were in the scalp. Conclusion. This study has demonstrated that addition of the brain to the limited whole body FDG-PET/CT scanning may provide important contributions to the patient’s clinical management especially in patients with lung cancer, bladder cancer, malignant melanoma, breast cancer, stomach cancer, and unknown primary tumor

Urinary tract infection in diabetes: Susceptible organisms and antibiogram patterns in an outpatient clinic of a tertiary health care center

We aimed to determine the influence of diabetes mellitus (DM) on uropathogens and antibiotic resistance pattern in urinary tract infection (UTI) in our center. Three hundred fifty-five DM patients and 165 non-DM patients with UTI were included in this retrospective study. Urine samples were processed in the laboratory following standard protocol. Mean age was higher in DM group (63.9 ± 12.4 vs 59.6 ± 17.3 years, respectively, P = 0.001). Females showed much higher UTI prevalence in both groups (85.6% in DM vs 70.3% in non-DM group, P = 0.000). Mean HbA1c level on admission was 9.3% (78 mmol/mol). Mean duration of DM was 13.9 ± 8.5 yr. E.coli was the predominant uropathogen for both (67.3% in DM and 61.8% in non-DM group). Most isolated microorganisms were sensitive to nitrofurantoin (87.0% in DM, vs 83.6% in non-DM group, P = 0.265). Mean DM duration of higher than 10,5 years showed greatest risk of multidrug resistance (MDR) (AUC = 0.58, sensitivity of 63.7% and specificity of 50%, P = 0.019). Diabetic patients with UTI had poor glycemic control and long-standing DM. Nitrofurantoin was the most appropriate antimicrobial agent for empirical use. The MDR was higher in patients with DM lasting longer than 10.5 years. [Med-Science 2019; 8(4.000): 881-6